Multi-objective based Adaptive Immune Algorithm for Solving the Economic and Environmental Dispatch Problem

This paper proposes a new multi-objective based adaptive immune algorithm for solving the combined economic and environmental dispatch problem. Economic dispatch problem deals with the minimization of fuel cost while satisfying a set of equality and inequality constraints. The fossil fuel plants pollute the environment by emitting some toxic gases. Therefore, the traditional minimization of cost objective cannot be the only basis for the generation dispatch, but the emission minimization must also be taken be taken into the account. The objective of combined economic and emission dispatch problem is to optimize simultaneously the generation cost and emission level while satisfying system load and operational constraints. The inequality constraints due to ramp rate limits are included by combining with generation limits constraints and hence converted in to single inequality constraint. For a prohibited operating zone, the unit is made only to operate above or below the zone. In this paper, a heuristic algorithm is developed to adjust the generation output of a unit to avoid unit operation in the prohibited zones. Finally, the proposed multi-objective based adaptive immune algorithm has been applied on a standard IEEE 30 bus system. The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm in solving the economic and emission dispatch problem.